Understanding Rhetorical Structures as They Pertain to Audience

Understanding Rhetorical Structures as they pertain to audience, purpose, and context Understanding Rhetorical Structure Colton Kiefer EN1420 This paper is about the understanding of the Rhetorical Structures as they pertain to audience, purpose, and context and how they affect the argument of whether taxes should be raised on higher income brackets in order to fund social programs for at-risk and underserved, low income children. I will discuss the relationship between the audience, purpose, and context to the context of the argument. Understanding Rhetorical StructuresHow do audience, purpose, and context affect the argument of whether taxes should be raised on higher income brackets in order to fund social programs for at-risk and underserved, low income children. I will discuss the relationship between the audience, purpose, and context to the context of the argument. Discussion The goal of this discussion is to see the relationship between audience, purpose, and context of shoul d Taxes be raised for higher income brackets in order to fund social programs for at-risk, underserved, and low income children.The first audience for this group are wealth fortune 500 CEO’s. They are considered the in the higher income bracket in my opinion. They need to be educated on the understanding that even though most lower income families struggle, it is not because they are not trying. The economy has taken its toll on a lot of jobs here in the US over the past couple of years and even though they are working a full time job and sometimes two full time jobs, they cannot afford any kind of social program for their children.The present economy conditions are hurting the lower income families to the point that they struggle to make ends meet and can sometimes barley afford to put food on the table for their children. The higher income bracket would need to see just how little the additional taxes would take from them and what the benefits of those taxes could do for a low income family struggling to make ends meet. They still could possibly not be receptive to the idea, but giving them examples of the cost and benefits of such programs I think they would start to understand.The second audience for this group is the low income families of at-risk, and underserved, low income children. They need to be educated on the benefits that could come from the higher taxes. In my opinion, the higher income bracket can afford the higher taxes to fund some of these programs. The cost of living, food, gas, and housing all affect the income of many families in the US. If they understood what could come from the taxes, they could get some reissuance as to vote on such a bill if it came up to vote for the public.Education on the subject of the current tax laws would be a good example of what the different taxes brackets that are used today in the US. Lower income families would jump on the idea of being able to send their children to a soccer camp, or baseball cam p. According to an article on â€Å"Taxing the rich is good for the economy†, raising taxes on the higher income bracket would reduce the taxes on low and middle income families. This would also allow for those families to keep more of their income to use towards these programs. All in all I think it would be a beneficial idea to entertain.The context of the economy, food, and taxes all play an important role in this argument. The higher income bracket would be resistant to the idea until they were presented with facts on the cost and the minimal decrease in income for them. The lower income families would be blessed with some relief with their children’s social experience and the ability to provide more learning resources to them. References Taxing the rich is good for the economy Retrieved from http://www. marketplace. org/topics/economy/commentary/taxing-rich-good-economy By Robert Reich Marketplace for Wednesday, April 18, 2012 Marketplace. org

Jim Carrolls Drug Addiction in the Movie The Basketball Diaries by Leonardo Dicaprio

Jim Carrolls Drug Addiction in the Movie The Basketball Diaries by Leonardo Dicaprio The movie The Basketball Diaries by Leonardo Dicaprio has a close basis on the same name. It is a transposition of the adolescents of the late 60s brought up in a time, when the author Jim Caroll grew up to a period of about 15 years. It later infuses a period of rock music as experienced by the author.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Jim Carrolls Drug Addiction in the Movie The Basketball Diaries by Leonardo Dicaprio specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The catholic school basketball team of, which Jim is a member is the best team in New York. However, one of their friends has leukemia and languishes in hospital for most of the time. On certain occasions, Jim engrosses himself on note taking for his journal and participates sexual activities as well as beginning to use drugs. This movie is an effective exploration of drug addiction with the performance of Leonardo DiCaprio granting it the position of the greatest proof of heroin addiction with a message for the negative impacts of drugs. The use of drugs in the film is easily misinterpreted for the first sessions of the movies, if one does not take keen interest in understanding the context. It is easy to think that the movie appreciates teenage use of drugs. However, towards the end of the movie, the message becomes clear and the message against drugs shows clearly and adequately placed. The performance of Leo in The Basketball Diaries, effectiveness of its message and its excellent cinematography gives it an edge in presentation of teachings through entertainment. After the bursting of Jim and apprehending of his friends, using drugs red handed by the couch, disintegration starts taking place in the group and most of the boys lose their essence for being thrown out of the team. Out on the streets, Jim takes advantage of the time without the guidance of his schooling. He becomes a betrayer, trickster and robs stores. All these are for the fulfill ment of his heroin addiction that is slowly overtaking his life and he must find a way of sustaining. Nothing seems to work for him and even Emmie Hudson (Reggie) who is a former addict is incapable of helping Jim in curing his addiction. His great basketball friend and drug friend is Mark Wahlberg and in such influence, he becomes an addict cameo to an extent that he ritualizes heroin shooting in a catholic mannerism. Given the background of the film, there is a missing aspect pertaining to the psychological constructs and denominational beliefs of Jim. The boy suffers from some inner conflict and that leaves him emotionally derailed given that his upbringing demands a different opinion towards drugs. This was a good catholic boy indulging into drugs and there is definitely emotional and psychological aspect leading him into trouble just like many kids of his age. At first, he is part of the hottest basketball team. Before any match, the team inhales heroin. They demoralize opponen t teams by beating them up and on some occasions even steal from them. However, the obsession Jim has with his journal entries sets him apart from his group. This is a point occasionally addressed through a voice over, though his indulgence in heroin taking before matches comes out pronounced leading to their expulsion from school and even leads to his mothers sending him away from home.Advertising Looking for essay on art and design? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This process takes Jim through several episodes of development stages. He soon realizes that his drugs addiction is overwhelmingly out of control and finds himself moving in with his mother once again. The movie brings out discussions over drugs abuse in a manner that journey with the struggles of Jim in his addiction. For example, when the boys talk about Wilt Chamberlain as the best basketball player, and later refer to him as â€Å"skinhead†, th ere is a divide between their attitudes regarding the best player around. The must be seeing him as a threat and that is why they look for a means of negating his capabilities through demeaning comments and references. The movies also takes a shot on the skimpy relationships Jim has with his friends while at the same time, it goes off his personal circles of daily dwellings. The presence of his mother only ensues into their arguing and the priest only presents questioning of the upbringing of Jim. There is definitely something missing about his parenting religion and schooling and these three aspects led to his acquired character in a manner that leaves questions regarding their specific contribution into shaping the boys life since he ends up as a drug addict and a delinquent in the society. This was a talented boy but his challenges presents him differently even through film. There ere occasions when he looks older and at times, he is a young teen in need of guidance. This contras ts his characterization depending on the situations. He becomes anguished in time when he despairs and this descent produces an obligatory feel regarding his realization of his drugs situation. Through psychosocial development, the advancement of age leads to development of resolutions resulting from interactions of environmental challenges where there is the battle between ego and integrity. This is evident in Jim and his team mates and as his ego takes control he lets down his integral guard by going contrary to initial beliefs (Whitbourne, Zuschlag, Elliot Waterman,1992). Through the recording of his feelings, Jim indulges in drugs and develops a self- defensive nature for his character. This is a period when there is defiance to all authority figures such as the priest’s rigidity at school and his mother. They enjoy being tough at opponent teams, jumping off risky cliffs and indulging in drugs. The recordings help him to keep track of his practices leading to his point o f realization and desire to quit drugs.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Jim Carrolls Drug Addiction in the Movie The Basketball Diaries by Leonardo Dicaprio specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The coming of Emie into his life builds the autonomy of his drug abuse leading him into the creation of an initiative for trust in his mother who plays a key role in accepting his return back home (Bolland, Whitehead Oldham, 2008). He manages to make a resolution and this is a point when his ego goes down and he has to behave in readiness for making changes for his mature years (Whitbourne, Sneed, Sayer, 2009). In the movie, the entertainment contained within lasts for as long as the young boy displays the childish activities of Jim and his group. This fun goes as far as that sort of situation remains intact until the descent of the teams succumbing into drugs onsets such as through Bobby. It is the point of descent in the movi e caused by his downfall as it makes the efforts of portraying the frustrations triggered by teenage addiction to drugs. This shows the worsening of his relationships, though it never gets it right with episodes of his struggles turning overly melodramatic. His running out of money makes the life tough for him and for the audience to a point when it is eminent that there is need for recovery. There are also gay characteristics in the movie reeking possibilities of homophobia and this can easily be related to the single parenting background of Jim and the environment they join. The turning point of the whole situation comes when the hustle becomes tough for Jim as the gay community takes advantage of him at a toilet just so he can get drugs. The neighborly Emie Hudson guides Jim to a turning point. Jim obviously notices the problem he has and that is his reason for going back home. He can no longer contain the homophobia and clearly desires to clean-up. References Bolland, K., Whiteh ead, J., Oldham, M. (2008). A Safety Monitoring Procedure for a Clinical Drug Development Program, with Application to the Assessment of a Novel COX-2 Inhibitor. Journal Of Biopharmaceutical Statistics, 18(4), 737-749. doi:10.1080/10543400802071410 Whitbourne, S., Sneed, J. R., Sayer, A. (2009). Psychosocial development from college through midlife: A 34-year sequential study. Developmental Psychology, 45(5), 13281340. doi:10.1037/a0016550 Whitbourne, S. K., Zuschlag, M. K., Elliot, L. B., Waterman, A. S. (1992). Psychosocial development in adulthood: A 22-year sequential study. Journal Of Personality And Social Psychology, 63(2), 260-271. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.63.2.260Advertising Looking for essay on art and design? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More

Paraguay Essay Essay Example

Paraguay Essay Essay Example Paraguay Essay Essay Paraguay Essay Essay Mushfika Chowdhury Ms. Vives Spanish Paraguay Paraguay is a country in South America. It is surrounded by Brazil, Argentina, and Bolivia. Most people know Paraguay as Paraguay, but the country s official name is Republic of Paraguay. In 2011 it has said that Paraguay has approximately a population of 6,568,290. Most people are living in the oriental region. The country’s official language is Spanish as well as Guarani. The oriental eastern region has hills, waterfalls, exotic plants and the forest. This region makes up 40 percent of Paraguay. This part of Paraguay receives a large amount of rainfall. The region known as occidental also known as Chaco, is made up of grass, course tropical reeds and stunned trees. Some of Paraguay’s natural resources include forest soil, minerals, and the rivers. The rivers are important because tis how most people in Paraguay communicate, it also provides fish. The main industry is farming livestock, cotton, cane, corn, soybeans, potatoes, bananas, oranges, wheat, beans, tea and tobacco. That was the farming and food recourses of Paraguay. When it comes to the government and money there’s not that many similarities. Some of you may or may not know that the former president of Paraguay was Fernando Lugo (2008-2012). It wasn’t that many days ago that a new president for Paraguay was elected, his name is Mr. Franco. The currency used in Paraguay is Guarani. One dollar in the United States is 4,095. 58 Guarani. One Paraguay Guarani equals to 0. 0002442 cents in the U. S. You also might be wondering what type of government Paraguay has. Well its constitutional republic. I would also recommend you taking a camera if you ever go there, the sites and scenery is breathtaking.

The Life Of Friedrich Daniel Ernst Schleiermacher Religion Essays

The Life Of Friedrich Daniel Ernst Schleiermacher Religion Essays The Life Of Friedrich Daniel Ernst Schleiermacher Religion Essay The Life Of Friedrich Daniel Ernst Schleiermacher Religion Essay The boy of a Reformed chaplain, Friedrich Daniel Ernst Schleiermacher received his instruction at establishments of the pietistic Moravian Brethren in the towns of Niesky and Barby. In 1787, his male parent granted him permission to go on his surveies at the University of Halle, where he devoted himself non merely to theology, but besides to Greek doctrine and to his coevalss, Carl Gustav Jacob Jacobi and Immanuel Kant. After his graduation in 1790, Friedrich Daniel Ernst Schleiermacher served as a coach to a baronial household in East Prussia for three old ages, where he besides served as a sermonizer. During this clip he worked on three essays in moralss, all of which remained unpublished: ber hyraxs hchste Gut ( On the highest good, 1789 ) , with this summum bonum being the overall intent of adult male and the existence ; ber den Wert des Lebens ( On What Gives Value to Life, 1792/3 ) , a defence of ethical diverseness ; and ber die Freiheit ( On Freedom, 1790-3 ) , a contemplation on the relation between freedom and morality. In 1794, Friedrich Daniel Ernst Schleiermacher completed his 2nd scrutinies. After a stay in Landsberg he became a curate at the i?Chariti? , i? a infirmary in Berlin. There he met several members of the Romantic motion, among them the Schlegel brothers. Lending several essays to their diary Athenaeum, Friedrich Daniel Ernst Schleiermacher besides shared a level with Caspar David Friedrich. During this clip, he expounded upon Plato, Immanuel Kant, Johann Gottlieb Fichte, and Baruch Spinoza. On the latter he wrote two outstanding essays, Spinozismus and Kurze Darstellung des Spinozistischen Systems ( Brief Presentation of the Spinozistic System ) . Possibly his most influential book on the doctrine of faith was Reden i?ber dice Religion ( On Religion: Addresss to its Cultured Despisers, 1799 ) , which gained him noteworthy prominence. Concentrating on the perennial nature of faith, he attempts to contrast the common impression of a decay of faith: i? I do non chime in with the call for aid of most of them refering the death of faith, for I would non cognize what other age may hold accommodated it better than the present.i? By this he besides sought to accommodate the Romantics with faith, emphasizing that the latter is a i?feeling of the universei? and i?a sense and gustatory sensation for the Infinite.i? Belief, Friedrich Daniel Ernst Schleiermacher provinces, i?must be something different from a mixture of sentiments about God and the universe, and of principles for one life or for two. Piety can non be an replete craving for a muss of metaphysical and ethical crumbs.i? He strongly advocates for a separation between Church an d State and, though at the same clip deploying a stiff hierarchy of the different faiths, for spiritual tolerance. The book consists of five addresss. The first, Apology, represents another effort to support faith against the onslaughts of the advocates of the Enlightenment. On the Essence of Religion, on the other manus, claims that faith can non be the object of cognition. In the 3rd address, On Self-formation for Religion, Friedrich Daniel Ernst Schleiermacher affirms that faith is a portion of the material universe. On the Social Element in Religion ; or on Church and Priesthood he proposes a new, societal construct of the Church. And, in conclusion, in On the Religions, he stresses the human necessity of a higher go-between who communicates the messages of God. In the same twelvemonth, Friedrich Daniel Ernst Schleiermacher besides published several other plants: Briefe bei Gelegenheit der politisch- theologischen Aufgabe und diethylstilbestrols Sendschreibens ji?discher Hausvi?ter ( Letters on the Juncture of the Political-Theological Task and the Open Letter of Jewish Householders ) , in which he demanded civic rights for Jews. In an essay entitled, Versuch einer Theorie des geselligen Betragens ( Toward a Theory of Sociable Conduct ) , he focuses i?simplyi? on conversation. In 1798/99 he produces a really rough reappraisal of Immanuel Kanti?s Anthropologie in pragmatischer Hinsicht, which he dismisses as mere i?Kantologiei? and therefore irrelevant. In Monologen: eine Neujahrsgabe ( Soliloquies, 1800 ) , Friedrich Daniel Ernst Schleiermacher focuses once more on moralss sing human individualism as a symbol of the space. Another related work is Grundlinien einer Kritik der bisherigen Sittenlehre ( Outlines of a Critique of Previous Ethical Theory Morality to day of the month, 1803 ) . Once more a review of Immanuel Kant ( but besides of Johann Gottlieb Fichte ) , Friedrich Daniel Ernst Schleiermacher criticizes all old ethical theories and systems and, following Baruch Spinoza, affirms that a moral system can be obtained merely through an across-the-board rule: i?For when it is the good that is under consideration, and the ethical object is prevailing, truth must be considered more in mention to art than scientific discipline, if, that is, integrity is to be preserved in the work generallyi? , he writes in the i?Introductions to the Dialogues of Plato.i? In 1802, Friedrich Daniel Ernst Schleiermacher served as curate in Stolp ( Pomerania ) , but merely for one twelvemonth. He went back to Halle, where he, following to his responsibilities as sermonizer, was appointed professor of theology.There he finished his most popular work, Die Weihnachtsfeier: Ein Gespri?ch ( Christmas Eve: A Dialogue on the Celebration of Christmas, 1806 ) , in which he elaborates on the significance of this banquet. After Napoleoni?s invasion in 1807, Friedrich Daniel Ernst Schleiermacher returned to Berlin and was finally awarded the theological chair at the new Friedrich Wilhelm University in Berlin, a station that he held until his decease. Having become a member of the Academy of Sciences in 1811, Friedrich Daniel Ernst Schleiermacher spent the following old ages talking and prophesying. At that clip he was besides a strong advocator of a brotherhood between the two Protestant Churches. Besides in the same twelvemonth, Friedrich Daniel Ernst Schleiermacher published his Kurze Darstellung des theologischen Studiums ( Brief Outline of the Study of Theology ) , where he distinguishes between three theological subjects, viz. philosophical divinity, historical divinity, and practical divinity. Between 1821 and 1822, he finished his of import work Der christliche Glaube, nach den Grundsi?tzen der evangelischen Kirche im Zusammenhange dargestellt ( The Christian Faith ) , a instead Orthodox reading of Christian rules, with which he attempts to happen a new construct of faith and, therewith, reform Protestantism towards diverseness. Defining dogmatic divinity as i?the scientific discipline which systematizes the philosophy prevalent in a Christian Church at a given clip, i? Friedrich Daniel Ernst Schleiermacher conceives i?the kernel of religioni? chiefly as i?the feeling of an absolute dependencei? on God. Religion, seen as such, is therefore first and foremost an intuition, non a morality. Schleiermacheri?s most profound part to doctrine, as is frequently stated, was his talks on hermeneutics. The undertaking of hermeneutics, he argues, is to demo the purpose of the writer and therefore uncover the i?true meaningi? of a text. Harmonizing to Schleiermacher, there needs to be two signifiers of reading: a lingual reading and a psychological reading. Whereas the former trades with common characteristics of linguistic communication, the latter remainders upon the individualism of the writer. In add-on, he distinguishes between two methods for reading, a comparative one, tied to the lingual signifier, and a divinatory, related to the psychological signifier of reading. In the class of his chair in Berlin, he often lectured on dialectics, but failed in the effort to develop a distinguished theoretical attack to it. However, Friedrich Daniel Ernst Schleiermacher rejected Manichaean rules, such as the division between an rational kingdom and an organic 1. For him, everything is a consequence of both kingdoms, and this applies to the long-standing dichotomy between the organic structure and psyche every bit good. Frequently named the laminitis of modern Protestant divinity, Friedrich Daniel Ernst Schleiermacher attempted to intercede between the Enlightenment ( and, earlier Romanticism ) and Protestantism. Despite crisp unfavorable judgment from neo-orthodox theologists, his work had a great impact on theological discourse up until the early 20th century. Friedrich Daniel Ernst Schleiermacher died of pneumonia in 1834 ; his Si?mmtliche Werke ( Collected Works ) were published posthumously, between 1835 and 1856, in three parts: Zur Theologie ( Theology, 11 Volumes ) , Predigten ( Sermons, 10 Volumes ) , and Zur Philosophie ( Philosophy, 9 Volumes ) .

Business environment Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Business environment - Research Paper Example Under these marketing conditions, a 'Dominant Strategy' is a course of action which would be followed in response to any course of action taken by the other player. 3. Hiphop or Garries will earn a profit of 6,400 if the other one charge a priced 11 per piece and whoever charges 11 will get a margin of 1,800 because in that situation the other player will charge 10 and sell more units. Collusion between parties occurs when they act in common interest and trust each other. The best example for Collusion is the OPEC where the petroleum prices are fixed in consultation with all the member countries to the maximum advantage of the countries concerned. In collusion there will be an interaction between the players who want to maximize their earnings. By colluding the players divide the total market among themselves and by charging the same price they also share the profits that the business offers. There are still first mover advantages, such as the chance to gain early market share, but without the backing of the right customers and constant innovation, it's always possible to loose the advantages. The advantages that the first entrant gets may not be available to the second one. When both the companies Burger Binge and McDennys want t... Observation on Collusion from the Matrix: From the pay off matrix drawn the following observation is made for collusion: 1. when both Hiphop and Garries charge same price of 11 each one make a profit of 4,500 2. It may be observed this profit of 4,500 is in excess by 500 than what they made while they were selling 10 per piece This is the result of the agreement between both the players to sell the product at 11 and that is the effect of the retailer's collusion. EXPLANATION FOR FIRST MOVER ADVANTAGE: "First Mover Advantage is a notion that being first in a market place gives the first mover an insuperable competitive edge." - David M Katz There are still first mover advantages, such as the chance to gain early market share, but without the backing of the right customers and constant innovation, it's always possible to loose the advantages. The advantages that the first entrant gets may not be available to the second one. I have made the pay off matrix for companies Burger Binge and McDennys with the help of the data provided. Burger Binge McDennys Begin Operation Stay Away Begin Operation - 100,000 - 100,000 0 250,000 Stay Away 250,000 0 0 0 Observation: When both the companies Burger Binge and McDennys want to operate their business it is not possible for both of them to earn any profit. This is what is observed from the matrix. Alternatively if one decides to stay away from the business the other one can earn a profit of 250,000. For example if Burger Binge does the business and McDennys do not enter the market then Burger Binge gets the first mover advantage and earns 250,000. PART B PORTERS FIVE

The Collapse of the Soviet Union Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

The Collapse of the Soviet Union - Essay Example This essay describes the process of the collapse of the Soviet Union. Firstly, the researcher introducts Mikhail Gorbachev, who was elected as General Secretary of the Communist Party on March 11, 1985. The researcher discusses different slogans and policies that were established by Gorbachev, such as â€Å"Uskoreniye†, â€Å"Perestroika†, â€Å"Glasnost† and â€Å"Demokratizatsiya†. The researcher also concluds that historical period and states that the Soviet Union left a legacy of economic inefficiency and deterioration to the fifteen constituent republics after its breakup in December 1991. Arguably, the shortcomings of the Gorbachev reforms had contributed to the economic decline and eventual destruction of the So-viet Union, leaving Russia and the other successor states to pick up the pieces and to try to mold market economies. At the same time, one should admit, that the Gorbachev programs did start Russia on the precarious road to full-scale econom ic reform. The collapse of the Union of Socialist Soviet Republics radically changed the world's eco-nomic and political environment. The speed with which the Soviet system was transformed and the Soviet state disintegrated took almost everyone by surprise. However, Union of Soviet Socialist Republics's collapse was the result of many unsolved problems. Gorbachev’s appointment and his early reforms allowed the problems of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics to be uncovered and become public knowledge, which, in turn, be-came the cause of the collapse.

Educational psychology - Investigate theories of teaching and learning Assignment

Educational psychology - Investigate theories of teaching and learning and how those impact on the classroom environment - Assignment Example If the teacher could implement his/her lessons using the appropriate theory as underpinning, successful teaching and learning process will take place. Let us investigate the two major theories in education and the implications of these theories in the classroom environment – and the teaching and learning process as a whole. The two main theories in the teaching and learning process are: Behaviorism, also known as a subject-centered theory and Constructivism which is known to be a student-centered theory. Behaviorism Behaviorism is primarily concerned with observable and measurable aspects of human behavior. In defining behavior, behaviorist learning theories emphasize changes in behavior that result from stimulus-response associations made by the learner. Behavior is directed by stimuli. An individual selects one response instead of another because of prior conditioning and psychological drives existing at the moment of the action (Parkay & Hass, 2000). There are two main theo ries under behaviourism: Classical Conditioning and Operant Conditioning. Classical conditioning hearkens back to the experiment done by Ivan Pavlov. There are three things involved in this experiment, the dog, the bell, and the food. At first Pavlov rang the bell then gave some food to the dog. He repeated the procedure for a couple of times. Then he observed that each time that he rang the bell, the dog will salivate then he will give the food. After he did these things again and again, whenever he rang the bell, the dog will salivate even without the presence of the food. Pavlov uses the bell to serve as a stimulus to get the response from the dog which is ‘salivating’. Thus, relating this theory to the classroom situation, if teachers would positively reciprocate the good behavior, students will automatically think that if ever they want to be rewarded, or they want to get something, they must first practice a good behavior. B.F. Skinner developed a more comprehensi ve view of conditioning – the Operant conditioning. on the other hand involves the use of reinforcement to encourage behaviors. This theory was based on the belief that satisfying responses are conditioned while unsatisfying ones are not. . Operant conditioning is the rewarding of part of a desired behavior or a random act that approaches it. Skinner remarked that "the things we call pleasant have an energizing or strengthening effect on our behavior" (Skinner, 1972, p. 74). There is what we call the positive reinforcement and negative reinforcement. Positive reinforcement comes in the form of prize, praises, a simple tap at the back, and rewards. Negative reinforcement increases the likelihood of a behavior. Negative implies removing a consequence that a student finds unpleasant. Skinner believed the habits that each of us develops result from our unique operant learning experiences (Shaffer, 2000). With these practices in mind, the behaviorist point of view assumes that hum an behavior can be learned and unlearned. A key element to this theory of learning is the rewarded response. The desired response must be rewarded in order for learning to take place (Parkay & Hass, 2000). Relating this theory in the classroom setting and academic conventions, a teacher who adopts behaviorism uses the system of reward and punishment inside the classroom. S/he rewards desirable behaviors that s/he wishes to strengthen and punishes undesirable